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Introducción : El complejo C0-C1-C2 es responsable de la transición de la carga axial, con función biomecánica única, siendo afectada por múltiples patologías, que por lo general la literatura no las considera como un solo ítem, sino que lo desarrolla según su etiología, pero en nuestro estudio se ha considerado en 5 grupos: traumática, congénita, inflamatoria reumática, neoplásica y degenerativa. Objetivo : Determinar las características epidemiológicas, clínicas y del tratamiento en la patología cervical alta. Materiales y métodos : Se incluyeron a todos los pacientes con diagnóstico clínico radiológico de alguna patología cervical alta que hayan sido sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico entre 2016 y 2021 en el Hospital Almenara. Se usó el test "t" de student y de chi cuadrado. Se dividió a los pacientes en alguno de los 5 grupos antes mencionados. Resultados : Se consideraron 31 pacientes, con una edad media de 51.16 años. La patología cervical alta más frecuente fue la traumática con el 35.48%. El déficit motor se presentó en el 51.61% y el déficit sensitivo se presentó en el 54.84%. La cirugía más frecuente fue la fijación cervical alta con el 43.89%. La tasa de complicaciones fue del 16.13% con una mortalidad del 0%. Conclusiones : La patología cervical alta es rara, siendo la del tipo traumática la más frecuente, pero un manejo oportuno y adecuado permite un mejor pronóstico funcional del paciente.
Introduction : The C0-C1-C2 complex is responsible of axial load transition, and its biomechanical function is unique, it is affected by multiple pathological conditions; and generally speaking, the literature does not consider these conditions as a single item, it describes them according to etiology. For our study we considered five groups: trauma-related, congenital, rheumatic-inflammatory, neoplastic, and degenerative. Objective : To determine epidemiological, clinical, and therapy-related characteristics in upper cervical pathological conditions. Materials and methods : All patients with a clinical-radiological diagnosis of any upper cervical pathological condition that had undergone surgery between 2016 and 2021 in Guillermo Almenara Hospital were included. Student's t test and chi square methods were used. patients were divided into one of the five aforementioned groups. Results : Thirty-one patients were included in the study; their mean age was 51.16 years. The most frequent upper cervical pathological condition was trauma-related, with 35.48%. Motor deficit occurred in 51.61% of all patients, and sensitive deficit occurred in 54.84%. The most frequently surgical procedure performed was upper cervical fixation, in 43.89% of all patients. Complication rate was 16.13%, and mortality was 0%. Conclusions : Upper cervical pathological conditions are rare, trauma-related conditions are most frequent, but timely and adequate management allow us to achieve better functional prognosis for these patients.
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ABSTRACT Objectives: Assess whether the spine surgical approach for degenerative diseases can influence the physical capacity of patients and its correlation with cardiorespiratory function. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 9 patients of both genders, aged between eighteen and sixty, scheduled for spinal surgery for degenerative disease in the lumbar segment. Patients underwent treadmill stress test two times, fifteen days before and sixty days after the surgery. A cardiologist performed the test according to the Bruce protocol with a progressive increase in incline and speed. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between pre- and postoperative assessments for the parameters evaluated in the treadmill stress test. Forty-four percent of patients needed to interrupt the test postoperatively due to dyspnea (p=0.023). Conclusion: The improvement obtained with spinal surgery does not have statistically significant relevance in tiredness, pain, and fatigue in the lower limbs and low back pain. Some patients could not complete the examination after surgery due to poor physical conditioning, and it was necessary to interrupt the examination due to dyspnea. Level of Evidence II; Lesser quality RCT (eg, < 80% followup, no blinding, or improper randomization).
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar se a abordagem cirúrgica da coluna vertebral para doenças degenerativas pode influenciar a capacidade física dos pacientes e sua correlação com a função cardiorrespiratória. Métodos: Um estudo prospectivo foi realizado em 9 pacientes, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 18 e 60 anos, programados para cirurgia de coluna vertebral para doenças degenerativas no segmento lombar. Os pacientes foram submetidos a teste de esforço em esteira duas vezes, quinze dias antes do procedimento cirúrgico e sessenta dias após a cirurgia. O teste foi realizado por um cardiologista de acordo com o protocolo Bruce com aumento progressivo de inclinação e velocidade. Resultados: Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as avaliações pré e pós-operatórias para os parâmetros avaliados no teste de esforço em esteira. Quarenta e quatro por cento dos pacientes precisaram interromper o teste no pós-operatório devido à dispnéia (p=0,023). Conclusão: A melhora obtida com a cirurgia da coluna vertebral não apresenta impactos estatísticos no cansaço, dor e fadiga relativos aos membros inferiores e dores lombares baixas. Alguns pacientes não puderam completar o exame após a cirurgia devido ao mau condicionamento físico, exigindo a interrupção do exame devido à dispnéia. Nível de Evidência II; ECRC de menor qualidade (por exemplo, < 80% de acompanhamento, sem mascaramento do código de randomização ou randomização inadequada).
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Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of adult-onset non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA) in different genders.Methods:A total of 662 patients with adult-onset nr-axSpA (age at disease onset ≥16 years) who visited the Rheumatology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College from 1999 to 2020 were included in the study. Comparisons of baseline demographic and clinical characteristics between different genders were performed.Results:Overall, the male-to-female ratio was 1.17∶1, and the prevalence of human leukocyte antigen-B27 (HLA-B27) positivity was 71.8%(475/662). The median baseline disease duration and age at diagnosis was 1.6 (0.5, 4.0) years and 25.0 (21.0, 33.0) years respectively. The males had a significantly earlier age at disease onset and diagnosis [21.0 (18.0, 28.0) vs 25.0 (21.0, 30.0), Z=5.63, P<0.001; 24.0 (19.0, 32.0) vs 27.0 (23.0, 34.5), Z=4.90, P<0.001, respectively] than females. HLA-B27 positivity was more frequent in males than in females [78.4% (280/357) vs 63.9%(195/305), χ2=17.06, P<0.001]. The prevalence of inflammatory back pain (IBP), morning stiffness, nocturnal pain, enthesitis, hip and groin pain were higher in males, whereas females showed a higher prevalence of small joint involvement of the hands. At baseline, males had higher median ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score (ASDAS)-C-reaction protein (CRP) [3.0(2.3, 3.8) vs 2.4(2.0, 3.0), Z=5.59, P<0.001] and a greater prevalence of high disease activity ASDAS-CRP>2.1 [81.9%(185/227) vs 67.9%(133/195), χ2=11.08, P=0.001] than females. The proportions of male patients with elevated CRP levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were also higher than those of female patients [49.0%(175/357) vs 27.9%(85/305), χ2=30.85, P<0.001; 49.3%(176/357) vs 33.4%(102/305), χ2=16.98, P<0.001, respectively]. Conclusion:The adult-onset nr-axSpA in China is characterized by a comparable sex ratio. Males have an earlier age at disease onset and are higher HLA-B27 positivity with higher prevalence of IBP, enthesitis, hip and groin pain, as well as high disease activity.
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Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of cervical anterior approach atlantodentoplasty for the treatment of irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation complicated with bony abnormality of atlanto-dental joint.Methods:Retrospective analysis was conducted to study the clinical data of 31 patients with irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation complicated with bony abnormality of atlanto-dental joint, including 7 males and 24 females; age ranged from 23 to 74 years, with an average of 49.0±12.0 years. All patients underwent cervical anterior approach soft tissue release, atlantodentoplasty and one-stage posterior occipito-cervical fixation and fusion. Twenty-one patients with atlantodental osteoarthritis underwent simplex atlantodental osteophyte resection, 5 patients with anterior tubercle hypertrophy of atlas and 5 patients with anterior tubercle hypertrophy of atlas and atlantodental osteoarthritis underwent atlantodental osteophyte resection and partial anterior tubercle resection. The operation time and blood loss of anterior procedure and total procedure were recorded. The anterior tubercle thickness (ATT), the atlantodental interval (ADI)were recorded before and 1 week after the operation. The available space of the cord (SAC), clivus-canal angle (CCA), cervicomedullaryangle (CMA), and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores were recorded before the operation, 1 week, 3 months and 12 months after the operation, and at the last follow-up. The JOA improvement rate at the last follow-up was calculated, the time of postoperative bone graft fusion was recorded, and the complications were observed.Results:All patients were followed up for 12-60 months, with an average of 34.5±13.8 months. The operation time of anterior cervical atlantodentoplasty was 120.9±15.9 min, and the overall operation time was 315.1±31.4 min; The blood loss of anterior procedure was 101.2±31.2 ml, and that of overall procedure was 372.7±56.0 ml. The one week postoperative ATT (7.4±1.6 mm) of patients with anterior tubercle partial resection of atlas was lower than that before operation 10.8±1.5 mm ( t=4.94, P=0.001). The one week postoperative ADI 0.9±1.2 mm decreased compared with the preoperative ADI 8.3±2.2 mm ( t=17.91, P<0.001). The preoperative SAC was 10.4±2.8 mm, which increased to 19.2±3.6 mm one week after operation and 19.4±3.7 mm ( F=41.31, P<0.001) at last follow-up. The preoperative CCA was 119.4°±17.9°, which increased to 142.6°±13.0° one week after operation and 141.6°±12.2° ( F=35.86, P<0.001) at last follow-up. The preoperative CMA was 121.7°±14.1°, which increased to 148.9°±9.4° one week after operation and 149.4°±9.0° ( F=52.07, P<0.001) at last follow-up. The preoperative JOA score was 12.0±2.6, which was 14.3±1.3 one week after operation and 15.9±1.0 ( F=23.81, P<0.001) at last follow-up. JOA improvement rate was 78.9%±17.1%, while 23 cases were excellent (74.2%), 8 cases were good (25.8%), and the excellent and good rate was 100%; Thd fusion time of grafted bone was 5.7±1.5 months with the fusion rate of 100%; There were 12 patients with dysphagia after operation, all of which relieved spontaneously 5-10 days after operation; There were 3 cases of irritating choking after drinking or eating, and 2 cases were gradually alleviated 3-5 days after operation. One case was complicated with aspiration pneumonia due to stubborn choking, which gradually alleviated after 1 month of nasal feeding. No hardware failure or reduction loss, no serious complications such as esophageal injury, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, incision infection or vertebral artery injury occurred. Conclusion:Cervical anterior approach atlantodentoplasty for the treatment of irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation complicated with bony abnormality of atlanto-dental joint can anatomically reduce the atlantoaxial joint, and the clinical effect is satisfactory.
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ABSTRACT Objectives The hip-spine syndrome (HSS) is defined as the simultaneous degeneration of the hip and lumbar spine. The objective of this study is to quantify the sagittal balance values in the population with HSS and to compare them with the normal sagittal balance parameters. Methods A retrospective study was conducted in which 30 patients with HSS who were waiting for total hip arthroplasty (THA) were evaluated. The lumbar lordosis (LL), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), pelvic incidence (PI) and spinopelvic harmony (SH) angles and the BMI of these patients were measured. Results Seventeen women and 13 men participated in the study, with a mean LL of 39.55°, a mean SS of 36.92°, a mean PT of 25.77°, a mean PI of 62.72°, a mean SH of 23.17° and a mean BMI of 25.55. Only the SS did not present a changed value when compared to the normal values of the population. Conclusions HSS is increasingly present in our environment due to the aging population. Sagittal balance is gaining more and more attention in studies related to spinal pathologies. All the parameters measured in this study, except for SS, presented altered values when compared to the populational means. Evidence Level II. Observational and retrospective study.
RESUMO Objetivos A síndrome quadril-coluna (SQC) é definida como a degeneração simultânea do quadril e da coluna lombar. O objetivo do presente estudo consiste em quantificar os valores do equilíbrio sagital na população com SQC e compará-los com os parâmetros normais do equilíbrio sagital. Métodos Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo em que foram avaliados 30 pacientes com SQC aguardando cirurgia de artroplastia total de quadril (ATQ). Foram aferidos os ângulos de lordose lombar (LL), declive sacral (DS), versão pélvica (VP), incidência pélvica (IP), harmonia espinopélvica (HP) e o IMC dos pacientes no estudo. Resultados Participaram do estudo 17 mulheres e 13 homens, sendo que a LL média foi de 39,55°, DS 36,92°, VP 25,77°, IP 62,72°, HP 23,17° e IMC 25,55. Apenas o DS não apresentou valor alterado quando comparado aos valores normais da população. Conclusão A SQC está cada vez mais presente em nosso meio devido ao envelhecimento populacional. O equilíbrio sagital ganha cada vez mais espaço nos estudos relacionados às patologias da coluna vertebral. Com exceção do DS, os demais parâmetros medidos nesse estudo apresentaram valores alterados quando comparados à média populacional. Nível de Evidência II. Estudo observacional e retrospectivo.
RESUMEN Objetivos El Síndrome de Columna-Cadera (SCC) se define como la degeneración simultánea de la columna lumbar y la cadera. El objetivo del presente estudio consiste en cuantificar los valores del equilibrio sagital en la población con SCC y compararlos con los parámetros normales del equilibrio sagital. Métodos Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo en el que se evaluaron 30 pacientes con SCC que esperaban cirugía para artroplastia total de cadera (ATC). Fueron medidos los ángulos de lordosis lumbar (LL), pendiente sacra (PS), versión pélvica (VP), incidencia pélvica (IP), armonía espinopélvica (AP) y el IMC de los pacientes en el estudio. Resultados Participaron en el estudio 17 mujeres y 13 hombres, siendo que la LL promedio fue de 39,55 °, PS 36,92°, VP 25,77°, IP 62,72°, AP 23,17° e IMC 25,55. Sólo la PS no presentó un valor alterado, cuando comparado a los valores normales de la población. Conclusión El SCC está cada vez más presente en nuestro medio debido al envejecimiento poblacional. El equilibrio sagital está ganando cada vez más espacio en los estudios relacionados a las patologías de la columna vertebral. Con excepción de la PS, los demás parámetros medidos en este estudio presentaron valores alterados cuando comparados al promedio poblacional. Nivel de Evidencia II. Estudio observacional y retrospectivo.
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Humans , Osteoarthritis, Spine , Pelvis , Radiography , Osteoarthritis, Hip , Low Back Pain , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip , Postural BalanceABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the serum levels of dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1) and sclerostin (SOST) in patients with axial spondyloarthritis treated with selective cyclo-oxygenase 2 inhibitor and its relation to clinical efficacy.Methods A randomized double-blind controlled trial with axial spondyloarthritis (ax-SpA) was carried out in our hospital.The data from patients in a single center was collected and analyzed.Serum DKK1 and SOST levels were measured by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA)method before and after 12 weeks treatment,then correlation analysis were conducted for DKK1 and SOST levels with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),C reactive protein (CRP),Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI),Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index (BASFI) and SPARCC of the sacroiliac joint inflammation score.Chi-square tests were used for analyzing of categorical data.Fisher exact tests were performed when the expected frequencies were less than 5.Two independent samples t-test was used to compare the difference between groups.Single sample t-test was used to ompare the differences between data before and after treatment.Pearson or Spearman correlation was used for correlation analysis.Results After 12 weeks of treatment,a total of 116 patients completed the follow-up,including 57 cases of imrecoxib group and 59 cases of the celecoxib group.There were no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).The level of serum DKK1 was significantly increased after treatment [(393±137) pg/ml,vs (542±274)pg/ml,P＜0.05].The serum level of SOST increased significantly [(39±19) pg/ml vs (57±36) pg/ml,t=5.814,P＞0.05],too.The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum DKK1 was positively correlated with serum SOST (r=0.226,P=0.015).A significantcorrelation was found between SOST level and ESR,CRP,finger to floor distance,left and fight lumbar side flexion and Schober's test (ESR:r=-0.379,P＜0.01;r=-0.309,P=0.001;r=-0.225,P=0.015;r=0.185,P=0.047;r=0.247,P=0.008;r=0.214,P=0.021).Conclusion Imrecoxib and celecoxib have similar efficacy on relieving the signs and symptoms of patients with ax-SpA.Short-term application of selective COX-2 inhibitors can increase DKK1 and SOST and possibly delay radiographic progression.
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Introducción: la osteoartrosis de la columna vertebral es una de las afecciones menos estudiada, su incidencia aumenta cada día lo que afecta la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de los pacientes. Objetivo: determinar la percepción de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en pacientes con osteoartrosis de columna vertebral. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo. Para el diagnóstico positivo se tuvieron en cuenta los criterios del American College of Rheumatology. Se aplicó el cuestionario de láminas Coop/Wonca para determinar la percepción de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y el Health Assessment Questionnaire, en su versión cubana, para determinar capacidad funcional. Resultados: se identificaron 487 pacientes (316 mujeres y 171 hombres) con una edad promedio de 67 años ± 11, 7. Alto por ciento de comorbilidades asociadas (37, 2 %), el tiempo de evolución entre cinco y 10 años fue el más representativo (33, 6 %). La percepción de calidad de vida global alcanzó cifra de 20, 1. La dimensión dolor fue la más afectada. La discapacidad funcional ligera (53, 6 %) fue la más representativa. Se obtuvo aceptable fiabilidad, validez y consistencia interna del cuestionario Coop/Wonca con alfa de Cronbach 0, 9 y correlación entre capacidad funcional y disminución de la percepción de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud. Conclusiones: predominaron los pacientes mayores de 60 años y del sexo femenino, con tiempo de evolución predominante entre cinco y 10 años con alto porcentaje de comorbilidades y hábitos nocivos asociados. Se determinó afectación de la percepción de la calidad de vida y de la capacidad funcional, donde se estableció una relación directa entre estas variables. Predominaron los pacientes con discapacidad funcional ligera.
Introduction: osteoarthrosis of the spine is one of the less studied conditions. Its impact grows daily, and hence the quality of life related to the health of patients suffering from that is affected. Objective: to determine the perception of the quality of life related to health in patients with osteoarthrosis of the spine. Methods: a descriptive study was conducted. For the positive diagnosis, criteria from American College of Rheumatology were considered. COOP/WONCA cartoons were used to determine the perception of the quality of life related to health as well as the Health Assessment Questionnaire, in its Cuban version, to decide functional capacity. Results: with an average age of 67 years± 11, 7, 487 patients (316 women and 171 men) were identified. High percent of associated comorbidities (37, 2 %), evolution time between five and ten years was the most representative (33, 6 %). Perception of global quality of life reached 20.1. Pain dimension was the most affected. Mild functional disability (53, 6 %) was the most representative. Acceptable reliability, validity, and internal consistency from COOP/WONCA cartoons with Cronbach's alpha of 0, 9 were obtained. Correlation between functional capacity and decrease of the perception of quality of life related to health was also achieved. Conclusions: female patients over 60 years, with a prevalent evolution time between five and ten years, high percent of comorbidities, and associated bad habits were predominant. Damage to the perception of quality of life and functional capacity were determined, in which a direct relationship among these variables was established.
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The rapid increase of elderly population has resulted in increased prevalence of adult scoliosis. Adult scoliosis is divided into adult idiopathic scoliosis and adult degenerative scoliosis. These two types of scoliosis vary in patient age, curve pattern and clinical symptoms, which necessitate different surgical indications and options. Back pain and deformity are major indications for surgery in adult idiopathic scoliosis, whereas radiating pain to the legs due to foraminal stenosis is what often requires surgery in adult degenerative scoliosis. When selecting a surgical method, major symptoms and underlying medical diseases should be carefully evaluated, not only to relieve symptoms but also to minimize postoperative complications. Surgical options for adult degenerative scoliosis include: decompression alone; decompression and limited short fusion; and decompression coupled with long fusion and correction of deformity. Decompression and limited short fusion can be applied to patients with a small Cobb's angle and normal sagittal imbalance. For those with a large Cobb's angle and positive sagittal imbalance, long fusion with correction of deformity is required. When long fusion is applied, a careful decision regarding the extent of fusion level should be made when selecting L5 or S1 as the distal fusion level and T10 or the thoracolumbar junction as the proximal fusion level. For the fusion extending to the sacrum, restoration of sagittal balance and rigid fixation with additional iliac screws should be considered. Any surgical procedures for adult degenerative scoliosis are known to have relatively high occurrences of complications; therefore, risks and benefits should be meticulously considered before selecting a surgical procedure.